{"id":531,"date":"2024-05-29T00:29:06","date_gmt":"2024-05-29T00:29:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/techris.in\/?p=531"},"modified":"2024-06-20T22:35:48","modified_gmt":"2024-06-20T22:35:48","slug":"how-to-read-and-write-to-external-storage-in-latest-android-api29-from-kivy-python","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/techris.in\/python\/how-to-read-and-write-to-external-storage-in-latest-android-api29-from-kivy-python.html","title":{"rendered":"How to read and write to external storage in latest android API>29 from Kivy python"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<div><span>Latest development in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.android.com\/intl\/en_in\/\">Android<\/a> needs significant modifications in the way we seek permissions to read and write files in the external storage of android. Old method of seeking android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE and android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE will not work any more. Lets see the reason and the possible work around to resolve this in this post. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.python.org\/\">Python<\/a> code with <a href=\"https:\/\/kivy.org\/\">Kivy<\/a> framework is considered for the explanation.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_67_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6674b6255d5df\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6674b6255d5df\" checked aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/techris.in\/python\/how-to-read-and-write-to-external-storage-in-latest-android-api29-from-kivy-python.html\/#why-we-can-not-read-from-android-external-storage-with-read-external-storage-permission\" title=\"Why we can not read from android external storage with READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission\">Why we can not read from android external storage with READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/techris.in\/python\/how-to-read-and-write-to-external-storage-in-latest-android-api29-from-kivy-python.html\/#posts-that-shows-read-write-error-in-android-storage\" title=\"Posts that shows read write error in android storage \">Posts that shows read write error in android storage <\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/techris.in\/python\/how-to-read-and-write-to-external-storage-in-latest-android-api29-from-kivy-python.html\/#what-is-scoped-storage-in-android\" title=\"What is scoped storage in android \">What is scoped storage in android <\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/techris.in\/python\/how-to-read-and-write-to-external-storage-in-latest-android-api29-from-kivy-python.html\/#how-to-read-and-write-files-with-kivy-in-latest-android\" title=\"How to read and write files with kivy in latest android \">How to read and write files with kivy in latest android <\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/techris.in\/python\/how-to-read-and-write-to-external-storage-in-latest-android-api29-from-kivy-python.html\/#reading\" title=\"Reading \">Reading <\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/techris.in\/python\/how-to-read-and-write-to-external-storage-in-latest-android-api29-from-kivy-python.html\/#writing\" title=\"Writing \">Writing <\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/techris.in\/python\/how-to-read-and-write-to-external-storage-in-latest-android-api29-from-kivy-python.html\/#example-python-kivy-app-that-uses-reads-and-writes-in-android-external-storage\" title=\"Example Python kivy app that uses reads and writes in android external storage\">Example Python kivy app that uses reads and writes in android external storage<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"why-we-can-not-read-from-android-external-storage-with-read-external-storage-permission\"><\/span><span>Why we can not read from android external storage with READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>For android versions 10 and below (API level 29 and below) can read the external storage by <\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/stackoverflow.com\/questions\/66601574\/how-to-solve-android-10-storage-permission-denied-in-python-kivy\">setting the requestLegacyExternalStorage to TRUE<\/a>. However, this will not work when you target the android 11 (API level 30 and above) due to the strict permissions in reading and writing the files in external storage. The read and write permissions in android have been modified with a enforced <\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/developer.android.com\/about\/versions\/11\/privacy\/storage\">scoped storage<\/a>. This result in errors while reading and writing files in android external storage from kivy based app as given in the following posts <\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_387\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-387\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"\/contact-us\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/techris.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/need-help-python-app-development.jpg\" alt=\"Do you need help in python app development\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-full wp-image-387\" srcset=\"https:\/\/techris.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/need-help-python-app-development.jpg 800w, https:\/\/techris.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/need-help-python-app-development-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/techris.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/need-help-python-app-development-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-387\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Do you need help in python app development<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"posts-that-shows-read-write-error-in-android-storage\"><\/span><span>Posts that shows read write error in android storage <\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><span><a href=\"https:\/\/stackoverflow.com\/questions\/66601574\/how-to-solve-android-10-storage-permission-denied-in-python-kivy\">How to solve android 10 storage permission denied in python kivy<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kivy\/plyer\/issues\/661\">Problem: Kivy filechooser doesn&#8217;t work on android<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span><a href=\"https:\/\/stackoverflow.com\/questions\/76400837\/kivy-android-storage-access-permission-denied\">Kivy android storage access permission denied<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span><a href=\"https:\/\/stackoverflow.com\/questions\/67775490\/storage-permission-buildozer-android-11\">storage permission buildozer android 11<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span><a href=\"https:\/\/groups.google.com\/g\/kivy-users\/c\/FlAqJVyJnPQ\">Storage permission failed on Android 10<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span><a href=\"https:\/\/stackoverflow.com\/questions\/76641553\/errno-13-permission-denied-storage-emulated-0-download-site-html\">Errno 13 Permission denied: &#8216;\/storage\/ emulated\/0\/Download<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ast-oembed-container \" style=\"height: 100%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How to read and write to external storage in latest android from Python | Kivy\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/dx_HmI-uIFg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"what-is-scoped-storage-in-android\"><\/span><span>What is scoped storage in android <\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div><span><a href=\"https:\/\/source.android.com\/docs\/core\/storage\/scoped\">Scoped storage<\/a> has been introduced with user privacy in mind. This means that the app developed by you will not have access to all the user data in the external storage. This was true in the earlier versions of Android and lower API levels. However, the sensitive user data that may not be relevant to your app is not required but may be present in the external storage. Hence you do not have access to those files. Good news is your app have access to the common directories in the external storage. You app has full read and write permission in the directory which is specific to your app (\/app\/data\/<\/span><span>&lt;<\/span><span>Your<\/span><span>Package<\/span><span>Name<\/span><span>&gt;<\/span><span>). For this directory, you do not need to request read and write permissions. The folder are identified as <\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=UnJ3amzJM94\">private directories and shared directories<\/a>. Your app directory is your private directory and no other apps have permission to access this. Similarly, you can not access other apps private directories. All other folder are in shared directories. You can not access these all even though they are not part of other apps private directories. In simple words, this means<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<ol>\n<li><span>Your app has full access to its app specific directory <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Limited access in external storage (Still need to ask permission for this)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div><span>you can read media files (images, audio files) from the shared directories by asking permissions. Reading and writing of random files needs the usage of file chooser from Android. If you use kivy, this may be little difficult (still doable). <\/span><\/div>\n<div><span>Further access can be requested with MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE . However, this permission is not given to all apps. This is given to the apps which falls into one of the categories below. If your app asks for MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE , it is possible that it gets rejected at play store, if it does not fall into one of these categories. <\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<ol>\n<li><span>File managers<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Backup and restore apps<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Anti-virus apps<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Document management apps<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>On-device file search<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Disk and file encryption<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Device-to-device data migration<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"how-to-read-and-write-files-with-kivy-in-latest-android\"><\/span><span>How to read and write files with kivy in latest android <\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"reading\"><\/span><span>Reading <\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div><span>To read the image files use the following code to ask for permissions to read images <\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"hcb_wrap\">\n<pre class=\"prism line-numbers lang-python\" data-lang=\"Python\"><code>from android.permissions import request_permissions, Permission\r\nrequest_permissions([Permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES, Permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE])<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><span>Permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES will request to read images from external storage. This is mandatory if you like to read images. Permission.READ_MEDIA_AUDIO and Permission.READ_MEDIA_VIDEO are also availe to read audio files and video files. With this you can read the video files. If you do not request these permissions, you will be ablke to see the directorories but no images will be shown. If you use these lines, the user will be shown the dialog asking for permissions as shown in the image below. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<figure id=\"attachment_535\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-535\" style=\"width: 489px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/techris.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/read-permissions-requested.png\" alt=\"Dialog asking for read permissions in android app\" width=\"489\" height=\"1035\" class=\"size-full wp-image-535\" srcset=\"https:\/\/techris.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/read-permissions-requested.png 489w, https:\/\/techris.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/read-permissions-requested-142x300.png 142w, https:\/\/techris.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/read-permissions-requested-484x1024.png 484w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 489px) 100vw, 489px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-535\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dialog asking for read permissions in android app<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"writing\"><\/span><span>Writing <\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>The shared folders like Documents, Pictures and Downloads are available for writing. You can use thesde folder to write the output. Following code wilol write the pdf image to documents folder after creating a folder inside documents folder. <\/span><span>This code is a part of our <a href=\"\/qsh\">image to pdf converter app<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"hcb_wrap\">\n<pre class=\"prism line-numbers lang-python\" data-lang=\"Python\"><code>os.mkdir(primary_external_storage_path() + '\/Documents\/Image to PDF by Techris')\r\nwith open(primary_external_storage_path() + \"\/Documents\/Image to PDF by Techris\/output-\" + time.strftime(\"%Y%m%d-%H%M%S\") + \".pdf\", \"wb\") as f:\r\nf.write(img2pdf.convert(imgs))\r\nprint('Processed images')<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div><span>This is how you can read and write in the external storage in latest android from Python and kivy. <\/span><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"example-python-kivy-app-that-uses-reads-and-writes-in-android-external-storage\"><\/span><span>Example Python kivy app that uses reads and writes in android external storage<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<div><span>We have developed a kivy based Android app that uses these techniques. The app is available <a href=\"\/qsh\">here<\/a> . You can get to read the entire source code. Visit this page to get the app and the source code. <\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Latest development in Android needs significant modifications in the way we seek permissions to read and write files in the external storage of android. Old method of seeking android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE and android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE will not work any more. Lets see the reason and the possible work around to resolve this in this post. The Python code with [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":538,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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